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Omissions? Eleanor of Aquitaine, also called Eleanor of Guyenne, French lonore or Alinor, d'Aquitaine or de Guyenne, (born c. 1122died April 1, 1204, Fontevrault, Anjou, France), queen consort of both Louis VII of France (1137-52) and Henry II of England (1152-1204) and mother of Richard I (the Lion-Heart) and John of England. Photos: CHICAGO's Jinkx Monsoon Meets the Press! He shunned all majesty, preferring to send his Chancellor Thomas Becket to Paris to make a splendid, showy entrance to the city because, well, it just wasnt Henrys style. While presenting a solemn and dignified face to the grieving Aquitainian messengers, Louis exulted when they departed. 0. Inheriting a vast estate at the age of 15 made her the most sought-after bride of her . Eleanor died in 1204 and was entombed in Fontevraud Abbey next to her husband Henry and her son Richard. "On the second day in Easter week, he was slain in the city by a man-at-arms in the service of Brandin",[33] a rival mercenary captain. As they ascended the mountains, however, the army and the king and queen were horrified to discover the unburied corpses of the Germans killed earlier. [9] Immediately after the wedding, the couple were enthroned as duke and duchess of Aquitaine. Henry did not stop her; on the contrary, he and his army personally escorted her there before attacking a castle belonging to the rebellious Lusignan family. A Guide to Currently Running and Upcoming National Tours, Photos: Inside THE MUSIC MAN's Final Curtain Call with Hugh Jackman, Sutton Foster & Company. As Eleanor travelled to Poitiers, two lordsTheobald V, Count of Blois, and Geoffrey, Count of Nantes, brother of Henry II, Duke of Normandytried to kidnap and marry her to claim her lands. When most of the land army arrived, the king and queen had a dispute. Two more strong-minded, forceful and determined people could hardly have been matched. Instead, he attempted to reconcile Eleanor and Louis, confirming the legality of their marriage. [a] Eleanor's conduct was repeatedly criticised by church elders, particularly Bernard of Clairvaux and Abbot Suger, as indecorous. Upon the death of her husband Henry II on 6 July 1189, Richard I was the undisputed heir. From the moment the Crusaders entered Asia Minor, things began to go badly. The annulment gave Eleanor back Aquitaine and Poitou, which she took with her eight weeks later to Henry, Count of Anjou and Duke of Normandy, to whom, incidentally, she was just as closely related as she had been to Louis. Google Search Trends of Eleanor Henry Eleanor Henry's search trend from the last 12 months (The below graph report is directly fetched from the 'Google Trends' ): Although this was perhaps a better military plan, Louis was not keen to fight in northern Syria. Join Now Auditions & Jobs. Eleanors conduct during this expedition, especially at the court of her uncle Raymond of Poitiers at Antioch, aroused Louiss jealousy and marked the beginning of their estrangement. Eleanor would well have deserved to be named the grandmother of Europe.. Updates? Although their sons and other rebels were swiftly forgiven and rehabilitated. The king did not announce the arrest publicly; for the next year, the queen's whereabouts were unknown. Eleanor supported her uncle's desire to re-capture the nearby County of Edessa, the objective of the Crusade. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. [9] Eleanor came to learn arithmetic, the constellations, and history. She certainly left for her own city of Poitiers immediately after Christmas. I know what you might be thinking. He was joined by troops sent by his brother Geoffrey and Philip II of France. The king of France, known as Louis the Fat, was also gravely ill at that time, suffering from a bout of dysentery from which he appeared unlikely to recover. "Young Henry", son of Henry and Eleanor, wed Margaret, daughter of Louis from his second marriage. Geoffrey of York, for example, was an illegitimate son of Henry, but acknowledged by Henry as his child and raised at Westminster in the care of the queen. This news appears to have forced a change of plans, for instead of returning to France from Marseilles, they went to see Pope Eugene III in Tusculum, where he had been driven five months before by a revolt of the Commune of Rome. On her way back to Aquitaine, Eleanor had been the subject to two kidnap attempts that aimed to force her into marriage. Ms. S. Berry, senior archivist at the Somerset Archive and Record Service, identified this "archdeacon of Wells" as Thomas of Earley, noting his family ties to Henry II and the Earleys' philanthropies. [9] Even in an era when ladies of the nobility were excessively praised, their praise of her was undoubtedly sincere. Although they escaped this attempt unharmed, stormy weather drove Eleanor's ship far to the south to the Barbary Coast and caused her to lose track of her husband. Eleanor Henry was born on June 7, 1897, and died at age 79 years old in October 1976. Poitou, where Eleanor spent most of her childhood, and Aquitaine together was almost one-third the size of modern France. Eleanor survived Richard and lived well into the reign of her youngest son, King John. What was Eleanor of Aquitaines childhood like? If she is reading at all, and not still observing and listening. Those who tried to escape were caught and killed. She has been misjudged by many French historians who have noted only her youthful frivolity, ignoring the tenacity, political wisdom, and energy that characterized the years of her maturity. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. Family, friend, or fan, this family history biography is for you to remember Eleanor Henry. This vase is the only object connected with Eleanor of Aquitaine that still survives. [36] By the time of her death she had outlived all of her children except for King John of England and Queen Eleanor of Castile. Her birthplace may have been Poitiers, Bordeaux, or Nieul-sur-l'Autise, where her mother and brother died when Eleanor was 6 or 8.[8]. At this point, Eleanor was 49 - already deemed an elderly woman. The war lasted two years (114244) and ended with the occupation of Champagne by the royal army. He records some twenty-one cases, the most famous of them being a problem posed to the women about whether true love can exist in marriage. There is, I think, so much more to their story than we usually allow. Beautiful, capricious, and adored by Louis, Eleanor exerted considerable influence over him, often goading him into undertaking perilous ventures. Menu Log In Sign Up His sources no longer exist, and he alone mentions this birth.[27]. Two of their sons, Richard and John, would be kings of England. The marriage was annulled in March 1152 on grounds of consanguinity. Born around 1122 or 1124 possibly in today's southern France, Eleanor was named for her mother, the Duchess Anor de Chtellerault. Between 1190 and 1194, Richard was absent from England, engaged in the Third Crusade from 1190 to 1192, and then held in captivity by Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor. The death of her father left her an unmarried teenager and one of the greatest heiresses in Europe. She had her tomb placed beside that she had commissioned for her husband, Henry, suggesting again a fondness that undermines the view of their relationship as fractious and difficult. She introduced those conventions in her own lands on the island of Olron in 1160 (with the "Rolls of Olron") and later in England as well. [7] Her parents almost certainly married in 1121. Louis's subsequent siege of Damascus in 1148 with his remaining army, reinforced by Conrad and Baldwin III of Jerusalem, achieved little. Their second son, Richard, lies at their feet, another restless Plantagenet brought to stillness by the greatest leveller of them all. She was also instrumental in developing trade agreements with Constantinople and ports of trade in the Holy Lands. He proclaimed that no word could be spoken against it, and that it might not be dissolved under any pretext. Nevertheless, rumours persisted, perhaps assisted by Henry's camp, that Eleanor had poisoned Rosamund. Eleanor secured her freedom by agreeing to his demands. Eleanor Henry was born in Los Angeles, United States. This was duly lifted for long enough to allow Theobald's lands to be restored; it was then lowered once more when Raoul refused to repudiate Petronilla, prompting Louis to return to Champagne and ravage it once more. I encountered the young Henry in depth when writing about The Anarchy. Louis was a weak and ineffectual military leader with no skill for maintaining troop discipline or morale, or of making informed and logical tactical decisions. It was rumoured that the bride and groom had anticipated the ceremony and there was also a story that she had known the grooms late father, Geoffrey of Anjou, considerably better than she should have done. She had been locked away by her husband since 1173, following her complicit involvement in her sons' rebellions against Henry II. [9] Some believe that Eleanor's court in Poitiers was the "Court of Love" where Eleanor and her daughter Marie meshed and encouraged the ideas of troubadours, chivalry, and courtly love into a single court. She had her tomb placed abreast that she had commissioned for her husband, Henry, suggesting again a fondness that undermines the view of their relationship as fractious and difficult. In Penman's historical mysteries, Eleanor, as Richard's regent, sends squire Justin de Quincy on various missions, often an investigation of a situation involving Prince John. In the cost Henry incurred on her care, and her placement at one of her favourite castles at Old Sarum, there is little trace of the vindictive, wronged husband. The basis for this claim seems to be the fact that Raymond advised a course of action that Louis refused to accept. He may have done so to provoke Eleanor into seeking an annulment, but if so, the queen disappointed him. Eleanor appears to have taken an ambivalent attitude towards these affairs. Eleanor Henry VI Part 2. Neither was heard of for over two months. Eleanor urged Louis to support her sister's marriage to Count Raoul. A book on rebellions in the medieval era is due soon, and Matts current project is a biography of Warwick the Kingmaker, in a return the fifteenth century. Louis, however, still burned with guilt over the massacre at Vitry and wished to make a pilgrimage to the Holy Land to atone for his sins. Her contribution to England extended beyond her own lifetime; after the loss of Normandy (1204), it was her own ancestral lands and not the old Norman territories that remained loyal to England. [22] Henry donated much money to Godstow Nunnery in Oxfordshire, where Rosamund was buried. When his father's ring was sent to him, he begged that his father would show mercy to his mother, and that all his companions would plead with Henry to set her free. Blurry borders and ill-defined authority were no good to Henry. Eleanor had only two daughters by Louis VII, but to her new husband she bore five sons and three daughters. Flower and Hawk is a monodrama for soprano and orchestra, written by American composer, Carlisle Floyd that premiered in 1972, in which the soprano (Eleanor of Aquitaine) relives past memories of her time as queen, and at the end of the monodrama, hears the bells that toll for Henry II's death, and in turn, her freedom. His goal throughout his reign was to recover and restore all of the rights held by his grandfather Henry I, and he would pursue these ferociously and doggedly. Eleanor and Rosamund Clifford, as well as Henry IIand Rosamund's father, appear in Gaetano Donizetti's opera Rosmonda d'Inghilterra (libretto by Felice Romani), which was premiered in Florence, at the Teatro Pergola, in 1834. Corrections? Accordingly, by mid-afternoon, the rear of the columnbelieving the day's march to be nearly at an endwas dawdling. Select this result to view Eleanor D Henry's phone number, address, and more. Norah Lofts wrote a fictionalized biography of her, entitled in various editions Queen in Waiting or Eleanor the Queen, and including some romanticized episodesstarting off with the young Eleanor planning to elope with a young knight, who is killed out of hand by her guardian, in order to facilitate her marriage to the King's son. Louis soon came into violent conflict with Pope Innocent II. Later that year she married and soon became queen of France. Henry was nineteen years old, bull-necked, stocky and freckled, a man of electric energy and ferocious impatience, compelling charm and an ungovernable temper. He and Eleanor were anointed and crowned king and queen of France on Christmas Day of the same year. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). When she was around 30, Bernard de Ventadour, a noted troubadour, called her "gracious, lovely, the embodiment of charm", extolling her "lovely eyes and noble countenance" and declaring that she was "one meet to crown the state of any king". Eleanor was related to Henry even more closely than she had been to Louis: they were cousins to the third degree through their common ancestor Ermengarde of Anjou, wife of Robert I, Duke of Burgundy and Geoffrey, Count of Gtinais, and they were also descended from King Robert II of France. Learn how and when to remove this template message, BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role, Golden Globe Award for Best Actress Motion Picture Drama, The Story of Robin Hood and His Merrie Men, Berengaria, queen regnant of Castile and queen of Len, The Oxford Companion to English Literature, https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/basis/williamofnewburgh-two.asp#7, "A letter From Eleanor of Aquitaine to Pope Celestine III (1193)", "Blogging Pound's The Cantos: Cantos VI and VII", "Eleanor of Aquitaine and the Brother Who Never Was", Eleanor of Aquitaine and the Four Kings (1978 edition), Eleanor of Aquitaine: A Biography; (1991 edition), "Royal manuscript patronage in late Ducal Normandy? That made Eleanor a target, and I think it is through this lens that we need to view later criticisms of her, not to mention sordid stories that began to do the rounds. Five-year-old twins Emma and Ella Henry, of Madison, who played Mae Mobley in "The Help," watched the film for the first time on Sunday. [39], Eleanor serves as an important allegorical figure in Ezra Pound's early Cantos.[40]. Select this result to view Eleanor G Henry's phone number, address, and more. 1556332. Fiona Harris-Stoertz, "Pregnancy and Childbirth in Twelfth-and Thirteenth-Century French and English Law". Pioneer Theatre Company presentsThe Lion in Winter, a fascinating look at two of the most iconic figures in English history. During her childbearing years, she participated actively in the administration of the realm and even more actively in the management of her own domains. In 1141, the Archbishopric of Bourges became vacant, and the king put forward as a candidate one of his chancellors, Cadurc, while vetoing the one suitable candidate, Pierre de la Chatre, who was promptly elected by the canons of Bourges and consecrated by the Pope. Purchase Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine: Founding of an Empire at bookshop.org or bookdepository.com. As a wedding present she gave Louis a rock crystal vase {fr}, currently on display at the Louvre. The play premiered on Broadway in 1966 and was adapted into an Academy Award-winning movie. Eleanor agreed with her uncle, perhaps believing that he had far more knowledge of the region and its politics than they did, but Louis refused to be swayed. Henry lies still, his eyes closed, holding his regalia, as he probably never was in life. Notwithstanding, during their three-week stay at Constantinople, Louis was fted and Eleanor was much admired. [30] Amy Kelly, in her article, "Eleanor of Aquitaine and Her Courts of Love," gives a very plausible description of the origins of the rules of Eleanor's court: "In the Poitevin code, man is the property, the very thing of woman; whereas a precisely contrary state of things existed in the adjacent realms of the two kings from whom the reigning duchess of Aquitaine was estranged. It was a gamble that did not pay off, and whether through military error or betrayal, the Damascus campaign was a failure. Eleanor, who was about thirty, had already been queen of France for fifteen years through her first marriage and by her second she would soon be queen of England. She was able to retire comfortably as Queen of England, with Aquitaine in the capable hands of Richard, and in doing so, take the sting out of the conflict between her husband and their sons. She is a supporting character in Matrix by Lauren Groff. Here they were ambushed by a Turkish detachment, but the French proceeded to slaughter this detachment and appropriate their camp. Not surprisingly, her life with Henry was stormy. She preferred him to her grandson Arthur, Duke of Brittany because the latter had been raised under French wings, out of her control. He even arranged for Eleanor and Louis to sleep in the same bed. As soon as John heard of this, he marched south, overcame the besiegers, and captured the 15-year-old Arthur, and probably his sister Eleanor, Fair Maid of Brittany, whom Eleanor had raised with Richard. Jean Plaidy's novel The Courts of Love, fifth in the 'Queens of England' series, is a fictionalised autobiography of Eleanor of Aquitaine. As soon as the French archbishops had formally annulled her marriage on March 21st, Eleanor left the royal castle at Beaugency on the Loire, near Orleans, dodged an attempt to seize her by the Count of Blois and took a barge along the river towards Tours with an escort of her own men. Daughter and heiress of William X, Duke of Aquitaine and Count of Poitou, she was beautiful, wanton, capricious, sophisticated, highly intelligent and accustomed to having her own way. Manage Settings Eleanor Henry has appeared on Broadway in 4 shows. I found that period fascinating (and given my interest in the Wars of the Roses I was worried that civil wars fascinated me so much). In 1193, she would tell Pope Celestine III that she was tortured by his memory. He arrives near the end in earnest but has a couple of fascinating cameos earlier on. SHARE. It also got Henry and his men out of England quickly and without trouble. She became duchess upon her father's death in April 1137, and three months later she married Louis, son of her guardian King Louis VI of France. I wonder whether Eleanor took a hit for the team, tacitly accepting punishment as a ringleader because that allowed their sons to be reconciled to their father quickly: it wasnt their fault, it was their mothers influence. The production runs from January 4 -19, 2019. Although Henry and Eleanor were, in many ways, the original European power couple, telling their story presents unique problems. A bitter feud arose between the king and Thomas Becket, initially his chancellor and closest adviser and later the archbishop of Canterbury. Top 3 Results for Eleanor Henry in PA. 1. She was also blamed for the size of the baggage train and the fact that her Aquitanian soldiers had marched at the front and thus were not involved in the fight. 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